Do I Qualify for a Mortgage?
Many renters wonder if buying a home is really within their reach. It often
seems like quite a daunting purchase for the first time buyer. The good news is
that with the large variety of options available today, it has never been easier
to secure a mortgage.
The first prerequisite to buying a home is having a minimum down payment of 5%.
This can come by way of accrued savings, a gift from an immediate family member,
and/or cash back (which essentially means nothing down). Today, home buyers can
make tax-free withdrawals from their RRSPs and use these proceeds toward their
home purchase. This method has allowed countless buyers obtain the necessary
down payment. The maximum RRSP withdrawal amount is $40,000 per couple, or
$20,000 for an individual. The RRSP withdrawal must be returned to the plan over
a 15-year period.
When the down payment is less than 25%, it will result in a so called "high
ratio" mortgage which requires both the lender's approval and Canadian Mortgage
Housing Corporation, or GE, approval. These two bodies act as insurers for the
financial institution. The purchaser pays a one-time insurance fee which is then
built into the total mortgage. A down payment equal or greater than 25% results
in a so called "conventional" mortgage.
The second prerequisite to buying a home is having sufficient income to qualify
for the home purchase. Financial institutions set standard guidelines that
determine how large a mortgage a borrower can get. Interest rates play a major
role in establishing the size of the mortgage that can be obtained. It is
essential to determine how much financing you can secure before you start house
hunting. You do not want to fall in love with your dream home only to find out
that the banks will not advance the total amount required. A realtor can help
you quickly establish these parameters.
Should your income fall short of these requirements, you can still be creative
and see what other alternatives are available. For example, you can use
part-time income to qualify for your home purchase.
The final stage in obtaining mortgage approval is a satisfactory review of a
prospective buyer's credit rating. Every financial institution is linked to a
credit bureau (usually Equifax) where data is collected on a monthly basis
reporting the pattern of repayment for such items as credit cards and personal
loans. If a consumer has an unblemished credit record, and providing the above
mentioned criteria were met, securing a mortgage is a virtual certainty. Should
there be any questionable credit transactions, such obstacles can usually be
overcome. However, if an individual has very poor credit, this may require
significantly more work. If there are good reasons for the substandard credit,
it will help in building a case for the derogatory credit. Often times in such
cases, CMHC or GE capital (the insurers) will ask the borrower to increase their
down payment from 10% to 15% due to the poor credit history. If this option
isn't viable for the purchaser then another alternative would be to get a
co-signer or guarantor.
Another consideration in getting a mortgage is obtaining a second mortgage.
Lenders will often give a 75% loan without asking too many questions about
credit, income, etc. Basically their position is that even if the loan does go
into default, there is sufficient equity to protect the lender. The shortfall
between the first mortgage and the down payment can be made up with a second
mortgage. Traditionally, second mortgages will command a higher interest rate
but because the amount of the second mortgage is relatively small, it should not
significantly increase your monthly cash outlay. The advantage of a second
mortgage to a borrower is that any insurance fees associated with a high ratio
mortgage are eliminated.
If an individual has declared personal bankruptcy, then in order to qualify for
a mortgage, they must have been discharged for at least two years and must also
have established one year of exemplary credit. However, If the down payment is
greater than 25% the two year period can be reduced.
Today, with all the incentives available to purchasers— such as cash back–
coupled with the historically low interest rates and the fact banks now allow
for a 30-year amortization, there has never been a better time to explore the
home ownership alternative.